![]() ![]() ![]() In all, 38, 37, and 21 metabolites were identified in the liver, brain, and serum samples, respectively. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and two-way ANOVA were performed to compare liver and serum, brain and serum. Student’s t test with Holm–Bonferroni correction was used to investigate significant differences between groups. 1H NMR spectroscopy in vitro was performed on the brain cortex, liver, and serum samples. Two experimental groups with ten outbred rats each were provided intragastrically with water (control group) and 50% ethanol solution (alcohol group) for 28 days. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the liver, brain, and serum metabolism and evaluate the link between tissues and serum metabolic content. Blood sampling is less invasive, but blood metabolic content might not reflect the changes occurring in other tissues. The impact of alcohol on the body can be investigated with NMR spectroscopy in vitro, which can detect a wide range of metabolites but preparing samples includes tissue biopsy. ![]()
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